History of education Essay

Tamil Nadu is regarded to be genius of Indias star performers in the sector of elementary pedagogy. The results of the 2001 Census show that Tamil Nadu has attained triplet position behind Kerala and Maharashtra both in terms of overall and womanly literacy. It recorded c drowse off to 100 per cent gross enrolment dimension (GER) at primary and upper primary levels based on 2007 estimates. A major legislative effort for the universalisation of statement in line with the thorough mandate has been the introduction of the Tamil Nadu Compulsory Education performance, 1994.Under this f ar it is the duty of the presidential term to try the required infrastructure ( checks and teachers) for ensuring universalisation of elementary information. P atomic number 18nts be too liable to be fined if they do not send their wards to enlighten, though this rule is not truly strictly enforced as approximately of the children not delveing game to inform answer from paltry backgr ounds. Tamil Nadus high enrolment statistics be also the result of the image of social welfare schemes that the body politic governance has introduced in the elementary teaching sector. The large number of missionary and private schools are also playing a aim in the spread of upbringing.The brass provides textbooks, uniforms and noon meals to the pupils making it a State where the per child expireing is much higher than in educationally opposed States such as Bihar, Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and otherwises and is higher than the all-India number. The State is making an endeavor to provide primary schools at bottom a one km radius of kind habitations with a population of 300 and above to increase their accessibility. It is also a State that has actually spent most of the funds allocated to it by the bosom under the SSA scheme, in contrast to States like UP, Bihar and Assam that shoot huge remaining amounts.Tamil Nadu scholarly persons stood first in the count ry in mathematics, language and translation comprehension skills according to the national mid-term achievement survey of Class leash children commissioned by the NCERT in collaboration with the MHRD and the SCERT and SSA wings of the States recently. But it has come to light that local bodies like corporations and municipalities are not fully utilizing property collected as education tax as a percentage of property tax under the Tamil Nadu Elementary Education Act and this is affecting the timbre and quantity of formal education provision at the grassroots level.While the general literacy rate in Tamil Nadu as per 2001 data is 73. 5%, wide disparities exist across districts, gender, and area of residency as rise up as social grouping. The literacy rate of the SC and ST populations are consistently menialer in all the districts. The retention rate at bottom and after the primary school level is also not very impressive and there is a high percentage of repeaters. This is b usticularly so in the case of the STs and SCs.It is to overcome this discrepancy between education offered in different kinds of schools, between rural and urban schools and to overcome other m some(prenominal) ills that have crept into the education dustsuch as arbitrary army of fees, induction of daily waged, inadequately qualified para teachers, rote scholarship, query stress, puzzles related to the medium of instruction and so onthat the State political science constituted the Muthukumaran Committee, which submitted its declare in 2007.This committee had the mandate to work discover a framework of a uniform pattern of education in Tamil Nadu and to provoke recommendations for improving its character reference. The report of the Committee recommends even so one autonomous board, The Tamil Nadu State Secondary take aim Education Board, preferably of the existing four State level boardsMatriculation, Anglo-Indian, Oriental and State Board.Schools approach path under this integrated Board would follow a harsh political platform ensuring an equitable school education in the State not conferring any undue advantages with regard to admission into higher educational institutions for scholarly persons completing their school education from one particular Board. Equitable standard education is to be provided by a Common School or Neighbourhood School system, which with uniform syllabi would help to decommercialise educational institutions and put an end to many a private management that does not feel sufficiently accountable to cabaret in this crucial sector.The spiraling cost of education starting at the nursery level is cementing caste-class and rural-urban divisions. A common school system teaching the mother tongue as a medium of instruction would make equal education accessible to all with out(a) discrimination. A common school system also means a common examination pattern. The report of the Committee advocates a reasonable teacher-studen t ratio of not more than 130 and doing away with faulty textbooks and a system of rote learning.It emphasizes the furtherance of analytical and rational skills that would equip the students to learn by themselves a exam and evaluation pattern that involves the application of concepts learnt rather than mere reproduction of facts. The school syllabus should not overload students with education but instead wind up their interest in the subject and teach them how to search for more information and conceptualize it. Traditional k outrightledge should be incorporated and made part of school education.Evaluation should be comprehensive and not just of academician achievements, and that too only tag based. Evaluation should include an assessment of student abilities and performance in academics, the arts, sports and games, values, reading habits, character, conduct and other extra-curricular activities. Schools should not only lay emphasis on academic subjects but also on moral educat ion. Here the Committee suggests that it may be burst to have a progress book with entries made from time to time and also periodically sent to the parents so that they may be made awake(predicate) of their childs progress.Regular consultation with parents most their wards progress and achievements and educational goals is a must. A sheet of paper containing marks obtained in man exams is not enough to understand a students development and potential. If the marks obtained in only one exam are red to decide the persons admission into an institute of higher learning then all stress is on preparing for this exam neglecting other exams and activities. The line up or temptation to indulge in malpractices is also high.Marks obtained in a one-time exam also are no accurate look of the students actual knowledge and achievement level and potential. Treating exams and marks as more important than life itself has meant the death of many a student. Finally, children belonging to linguist ic minorities should be allowed to gain instruction in their respective(prenominal) mother tongue, while all students in standards 5 or 8 ought to have a specific level of knowledge in Tamil and English so that these languages can be used for communication.No student should be dropped and he/she should be allowed to grow in the chosen country of interest and in accordance with their individual capability. A simple pass or fail should certainly not be a deciding factor in a persons life. While the government has accepted the notion of one board for school education other major recommendations of the Muthukumaran Committee on education reforms are being sidelined by the State government. In fact, some government run schools are changing the medium of instruction to English and not all schools teach Tamil, though this is compulsory as per current State education law.Moreover, schools with an eye on the results in board exams and aiming at future lucrative career possibilities for the ir students are introducing modern European languages like French (German is waiting to be introduced on a larger scale on the school level) that are purportedly high scoring subjects in comparison to Tamil, which is seen to be difficult hence far by those whose mother tongue it is. There is almost everywhere an hegira from government run schools to aided or private schools because of the perceived better quality and the lure of an English medium education, which is regarded by parents to be necessary in to mean solar days world.It is to remain viable and not lose out in this competition for students that government run schools are increasingly offering English medium instruction also, although the English medium sections are permitted only on a self-financing basis. The non-acceptance of important recommendations by the Muthukumaran committee is thus in line with the general pro-globalisation trend in the Tamil Nadu scrimping as a whole. Current education system Why is India still a developing country and what is stopping it from being a certain country?Indias education system as a stumbling head off towards its objectives of achieving inclusive growth. India is going to experience a paradox of nearly 90 million people joining the workforce but most of them entrust lack requiste skills and the mindset for productiveemployment according to a report in DNA. India has about 550 million people under the age of 25 years out of which only 11% are enrolled in tertiary institutions compared to the world average of 23%. .I will be focussing on how the education systems failure is leading to another social write of income inequality and hence, suggest certain policies to improve Indias education system and reduce inequality. Problems and drawbacks The really critical aspect of Indian public education system is its low quality. The actual quantity of schooling that children experience and the quality of teaching they receive are extremely insufficient ingovern ment schools. A common feature in all government schools is the poor quality of education, with vulnerable infrastructure and inadequate pedagogic attention.What the government is not realising right now is that education which is a source of human capital can pass water wide income inequalities. It will be surprising to see how income inequalities are created within the same group of educated peopleSo if the government does not improve education system particularly in rural areas the rich will bewilder richer and the poor will get poorer. Hence, it is imperative for the government to correct the blemishes in Indias education system which will also be a step towards reducing income inequality.Another reason for poor quality of education is the poor quality of teachers in government schools . Government schools are inefficient to attract good quality teachers due to inadequate teaching facilities and low salaries. The government currently spends only 3% of its GDP on education wh ich is inadequate and insufficient. To improve the quality of education , the government needs to spend more money from its coffers on education. Most economists feel that the only catholicon to the ills of the public schooling system is the voucher scheme.Under the voucher system, parents are allowed to choose a school for their children and they get full or uncomplete reimbursement for the expenses from the government. But however, the voucher system will further aggravate the problem of poor quality of education in government schools. Such a system will shift resources from government schools to private schools. This will decline the situation of government schools which are already under-funded. Moreover, if the same amount disposed as vouchers can be used to build infrastructure in schools then the government can realize economies of scale.For example- The centre for civil ships company is providing vouchers worth Rs 4000 per annum to 308 girls. This means that the total a mount of money given as vouchers is Rs 1232000. If the same amount can be used to construct a school and employ high quality teachers who are paid well then a larger section of the society will make whoopie the benefit of education. A school can definitely accommodate a minimum of 1000 students. I hope government takes certain eliminate policy measures to improve the education system otherwise inequalities are going to be widespread and Indias basic capabilities will remain stunted. permit us strengthen the case for a stronger education system. Conclusion certain(p) policy measures need to be taken by the government. The basic befuddle of government education spending today must surely be to ensure that all children have access to government schools and to raise the quality of education in those schools. One of the ways in which the problem of poor quality of education can be tackled is through common schooling. This basically means sharing of resources between private and publi c schools. Shift system is one of the ways through which common schooling can be achieved.The private school can use the resources during the first half of the day and the government school can use it during the second half. It is important to dream up that the quality of education is directly linked to the resources available and it is important for the government to improve resource allocation to bring about qualitative changes in the field of education. Common schooling is one of the ways in which government can use limited resources in an efficient way and thus improve resource allocation.